The U.S. electric power sector reported fewer delays to install new utility-scale solar photovoltaic (PV) projects in 2023 than in 2022.
In 2023, solar developers pushed back the scheduled online date for an average of 19% of planned solar capacity compared with an average of 23% in 2022. Although the share of solar capacity reporting delays fell in 2023, it was still higher than the average share of delays between 2018 and 2021.
The decrease in delays came at a time when utilities were adding more solar to the grid. In 2023, the electric power sector began operating 19 gigawatts (GW) of new utility-scale solar PV generating capacity, a 27% increase from the existing solar capacity at the end of 2022.
U.S. electric power sector reported fewer delays for new solar capacity projects in 2023
Data source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-860M, Monthly Update to the Annual Electric Generator Report
Solar power is the fastest-growing source of new electricity generation in the United States because of falling costs, tax credits, and other policies that provide incentives for adding renewable energy sources.
Developers of new power-generating capacity report a project’s initial planned operational date on EIA's Form EIA-860 survey. Beginning 12 months before the planned online date, EIA asks developers to provide monthly updates on the status and schedule of the project. EIA maintains the latest information about existing and future U.S. power generators in its Preliminary Monthly Electric Generator Inventory and summaries of capacity by energy source in its Electric Power Monthly.
The number of developers reporting project delays can vary greatly from month to month. However, the percentage of total planned solar capacity with a postponed operational date trended upward throughout 2021 and 2022, reaching a peak at 33% of planned capacity delayed in December 2022. The time between when a planned solar project is first reported on the Form EIA-860 and when the project becomes operational varies considerably. According to an analysis of generator project interconnection timelines by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the median length for a solar project is 25 months, from the signing of an interconnection agreement to the commercial operation date.
Projects can be delayed for several reasons, including complications involving permits, construction, or equipment testing. One key factor affecting solar panel installations is the availability of building materials.
U.S. trade policy can also affect solar deployment. U.S. tariffs that affect Chinese manufacturers of solar PV cells and modules in China are suspended by a Presidential Proclamation until June. Once the proclamation expires, imported crystalline silicon from China and certain companies operating in Cambodia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam will again be subject to tariffs.
U.S. electric power sector reported fewer delays for new solar capacity projects in 2023
Data source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Preliminary Monthly Electric Generator Inventory, March 2024
Note: Utility-scale solar only
EIA's latest information indicates that the electric power sector added about 6 GW of net summer solar capacity in the first quarter of 2024. For solar projects that developers plan to have operational before the end of 2024, about 24 GW is in the testing or construction phase, and about 6 GW is in the permitting or planning stage. Another 26 GW of new solar capacity is scheduled to come online in 2025, most of which is in the permitting stage.
